Mango tree named &#39;B74&#39;

ABSTRACT

A new and distinct mango tree variety that possesses late season maturing fruits with predominately yellow and red skin, and pale yellow, firm flesh having a low amount of non-fleshy fiber attached to the stone.

LATIN NAME OF THE GENUS AND SPECIES OF THE PLANT CLAIMED

Mangifera indica

VARIETY DENOMINATION

‘B74’

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the discovery and asexual propagation of a newvariety of mango tree, as herein described and illustrated. The newvariety was first hybridized by controlled pollination. The new varietyis a precocious, heavy-cropping, upright tree yielding red-skinned,medium-sized, terpinolene-flavored fruit.

The seed parent is ‘Sensation’ and the pollen parent is ‘KensingtonPride.’ The new variety was selected and evaluated at the fruiting stageon the property of Mr. And Mrs. L. W. Dorrian at Childers, inQueensland, Australia.

The new mango tree variety was first asexually propagated by graftingonto seedling rootstocks in Childers, in Queensland, Australia.

The new mango tree variety cv. ‘B74’ has been shown to maintain itsdistinguishing characteristics through successive asexual propagations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

The accompanying photographic illustrations illustrate in full color thenew mango variety ‘B74.’ The colors are as nearly true as is reasonablypossible in a color representation of this type.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of the fruit of the new mango variety ‘B74’(center) and comparators ‘Kensington Pride’ (left) and ‘R2E2’ (right)showing differences in size and color.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of the tree of the new mango variety ‘B74.’

FIG. 3 is a photograph of the floral panicle of the new mango variety‘B74.’

FIG. 4 is a photograph of flowers and floral buds of the new mangovariety ‘B74.’

FIG. 5 is a photograph of a single flower of the new mango variety‘B74.’

FIG. 6 is a photograph of a cross-sectional slice of the fruit of thenew variety ‘B74,’ sliced through the fruit in the region above theseed.

FIG. 7 is a photograph of the seed of the new mango variety ‘B74.’

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Throughout this specification, color names beginning with a small lettersignify that the name of that color, as used in common speech, is aptlydescriptive.

The descriptive matter which follows pertains to ‘B74’ mango trees (aswell as the comparative varieties ‘Sensation,’ ‘Kensington Pride,’ and‘R2E2’) grown in the vicinity of Childers, Queensland, Australia. Thescions of the candidate and comparator varieties were topworked to‘Keitt’ trees that were originally grafted to polyembryonic seedlings of‘Kensington Pride.’ Ten single tree replicates of each cultivar wereplanted at 6×10 m intervals in red basaltic soil (kraznozem) following acompletely randomised design. Pest and disease treatments were appliedas required. Irrigation and fertilizer application followed commercialpractice. 10-20 random measurements of each characteristic were obtainedfrom each replicate. Redness of skin color was determined using aMinolta Chroma Meter CR-200 to measure the hue angle (H). Mean valueswere taken from measurements at three points from the shoulder to thebasal end of the sun-exposed side of each fruit. The lower the hueangle, the greater the red coloration. The observations described hereinare believed to apply to plants of the variety grown under similarconditions of soil and climate elsewhere.

The new mango tree cultivar, ‘B74’ is quite distinct from its seedparent ‘Sensation’, and may be distinguished from its seed parent in thefollowing characteristics: The average fruit weight of ‘B74’ (457 g) islarger than ‘Sensation’ (360 g). Additionally, the new mango treecultivar matures 3-4 weeks earlier than the seed parent ‘Sensation’,which is a very late variety. The skin color of the new mango treecultivar is red and yellow, while the skin color of the seed parent‘Sensation’ has a bright yellow background with a dark red to purpleblush that covers most of the surface. Further, while the new mango treecultivar has a terpinolene aroma in both the leaves and fruit, the seedparent ‘Sensation’ has no distinguishable terpinolene aroma in eitherleaves or fruit.

The new mango tree cultivar may be distinguished from the pollen parent,‘Kensington Pride,’ by the following characteristics. The tree of thenew mango cultivar ‘B74’ has a more erect form and lower vigor than thetree of the pollen parent ‘Kensington Pride.’ The fruit of the new mangotree cultivar matures in late season, while the fruit of ‘KensingtonPride’ matures early to mid-season. The predominant skin color of ripefruit of the new mango tree cultivar is red and yellow, while thepredominant skin color of ripe fruit of ‘Kensington Pride’ is yellow andred. The fruit flesh of the new mango tree cultivar is pale yellow incolor, while the fruit flesh of ‘Kensington Pride’ is yellow. The fruitshape of the new mango tree cultivar is broad elliptic, while fruitshape of the pollen parent ‘Kensington Pride’ is medium elliptic. Thesinus proximal of the stylar scar of the new mango tree cultivar isabsent, while it is present in the pollen parent ‘Kensington Pride.’ Thefruit of the new mango tree cultivar is somewhat smaller than that of‘Kensington Pride’ (457 g as compared to 475 g). The seed of the newmango tree cultivar is of the monoembryonic type, while the seed of thepollen parent ‘Kensington Pride’ is polyembryonic.

The new mango tree variety ‘B74’ may be distinguished from presentlyavailable cultivars. The new mango tree cultivar ‘B74’ can be compared,for example, to ‘R2E2’, which is commonly grown in Australia, by thefollowing distinguishing characteristics: The leaves of the new mangotree variety are shorter and wider than the leaves of ‘R2E2.’ The newmango tree cultivar has a higher percentage of bunch bearinginflorescences than ‘R2E2.’ The fruit of ‘B74’ is smaller than that of‘R2E2.’ The flesh color of the new mango tree variety is pale yellow,while the flesh color of ‘R2E2’ is yellow. The skin color of ripe fruitof the new mango tree variety is predominantly red and yellow, while thepredominant skin color of ripe fruit of ‘R2E2’ is predominantly yellowand red. Additional comparative information can be found in Table 1.

Tree

-   General:    -   -   Vigor.—low to moderate.        -   Density of foliage.—open.        -   Shape.—upright.        -   Form.—erect.        -   Fruit bearing.—mid-late season maturity.        -   Root stock.—‘Kensington Pride’.

Leaves

-   Young leaf:    -   -   Anthocyanin.—present.        -   Anthocyanin hue.—red.        -   Intensity of color.—strong.-   Fully expanded leaf:    -   -   Average length.—approximately 204 mm.        -   Average width.—approximately 62 mm.        -   length/width ratio.—low (approximately 3.5).        -   Attitude.—horizontal.        -   Leafsurface.—smooth.        -   Profile.—concave cross section.        -   Shape.—elliptic.        -   Cross-section shape.—concave.        -   Leaf blade tip.—acuminate.        -   Base.—acute.        -   Symmetry.—asymmetric.        -   Undulation of margin.—not undulated.        -   Curvature of midrib.—present.        -   Position of midrib curvature.—apical.        -   Twisting of blade.—absent.        -   Aroma present when crushed.—terpinolene aroma.        -   Relief of upper surface of leaf.—slightly sunken between            veins.        -   Length of petiole.—approximately 40 mm.

Inflorescence

-   -   -   Percentage of bunch bearing inflorescences.—approximately            66%.

Fruit

-   General harvest characteristics:    -   -   General fruiting characteristics.—bunch bearing with 2-4            fruits commonly carried on each inflorescence.        -   Season maturity.—mid-late season maturity.

Mature Fruit

-   General:    -   -   Length.—medium — approximately 101.3 mm.        -   Width.—medium — approximately 91.3 mm.        -   Length/width ratio.—medium — approximately 1.1.        -   Shape.—ovate.        -   Cross-sectional shape.—broad elliptic.        -   Average weight.—approximately 457 g.        -   Stalk cavity.—shallow.        -   Sinus proximal of stylar scar.—absent.        -   Bulge proximal of stylar scar.—absent.-   Skin of mature fruit:    -   -   Anthocyanin coloration.—skin develops high levels of red            anthocyanin pigmentation where exposed to sun.

Ripe Fruit

-   Skin of ripe fruit:    -   -   Redness of skin color (hue angle).—approximately 44.7.-   Flesh of ripe fruit:    -   -   Main color of flesh.—pale yellow.        -   Firmness of flesh.—firm.        -   Texture of flesh.—smooth.        -   Amount of non-fleshy fiber in flesh attached to stone.—low.        -   Turpinolene flavor.—present.        -   Sap exudation at harvest.—present with sap bum and skin            browning.

Seed

-   -   -   Size.—small.

Polyembryony.—monoembryonic. TABLE 1 COMPARISON OF ‘B74’ WITH OTHERMANGO VARIETIES ‘Kensington ‘B74’ Pride’ ‘R2E2’ YOUNG LEAF Anthocyaninpresent present present Anthocyanin hue red red red Intensity of colorstrong strong strong MATURE LEAF Terpinolene aroma present presentabsent Cross-section shape concave concave straight Relief of upperslightly sunken raised between raised between surface between veinsveins veins Shape of tip acuminate attenuate acuminate Shape of baseacute acute rounded Predominant shape elliptic elliptic ellipticSymmetry asymmetric asymmetric asymmetric Curvature of midrib presentpresent present Attitude horizontal horizontal horizontal Petiole length(mm) Mean 39.8 21.3 35.5 std deviation 0.7 0.7 1.0 LSD/sig 0.6 P ≦ 0.01P ≦ 0.01 Lamina length (mm) Mean 203.9 181.5 236.8 std deviation 3.9 6.24.4 LSD/sig 2.0 P ≦ 0.01 P ≦ 0.01 Lamina width (mm) Mean 62.3 39.7 51.8std deviation 0.8 1.1 0.8 LSD/sig 1.30 P ≦ 0.01 P ≦ 0.01 Length/widthratio Mean 3.44 4.00 4.00 std deviation 0.89 1.11 0.96 LSD/sig 0.21 P ≦0.01 P ≦ 0.01 INFLORESCENCE Percentage of bunch-bearing inflorescencesMean 66.4 22.9 34.3 std deviation 9.0 9.1 10.1 LSD/sig 11.7 P ≦ 0.01 P ≦0.01 MATURE FRUIT Cross-sectional broad elliptic medium elliptic broadelliptic shape Depth of stalk shallow medium medium cavity Sinusproximal of absent present absent stylar scar Bulge proximal of absentabsent absent stylar scar Ripe fruit: red and yellow yellow and redyellow and red predominant skin color Ripe fruit: pale yellow yellowyellow predominant flesh color Ripe fruit: low medium low amount offiber in flesh attached to stone Ripe fruit: present present absentterpinolene flavor Length (mm) Mean 101.23 113.52 117.11 std deviation2.68 2.14 3.34 LSD/sig 3.43 P ≦ 0.01 P ≦ 0.01 Width (mm) Mean 91.2887.94 111.98 std deviation 2.80 2.71 2.43 LSD/sig 3.17 P ≦ 0.01 P ≦ 0.01Length/Width ratio mean 1.11 1.29 1.05 std deviation 0.01 0.03 0.01LSD/sig 0.02 P ≦ 0.01 P ≦ 0.01 Weight (g) mean 457.4 475.1 802.7 stddeviation 38.1 37.0 53.0 LSD/sig 50.5 ns P ≦ 0.01 *Ripe color (hueangle) mean 44.73 67.36 53.50 std deviation 4.18 2.05 2.58 LSD/sig 3.41P ≦ 0.01 P ≦ 0.01 Embryonic type monoembryonic Polyembryonic mostlypolyembryonic TREE Form erect Spreading erect Vigor low-moderate highmoderate Fruit maturity late Early-mid mid-late season*Redness of skin color was determined using a Minolta Chroma MeterCR-200 to measure the hue angle (H).

1. A new and distinct mango tree named ‘B74’ as herein described andillustrated.